The School of Medicine and Health Sciences

H. David Wilson, M.D., Dean

HISTORY AND MISSION

The School of Medicine and Health Sciences is composed of a number of different medical, biomedical research, and other health-related academic components, which work together to address our mission of educating and preparing North Dakota residents as physicians, medical scientists, and other health professionals for service to the people and the nation, and to advance medical and biomedical knowledge through research. These components include:

1. A state-wide, four-year curriculum for medical students leading to the award of the M.D. degree;
2. A set of physician postgraduate medical education programs of 3-4 years in duration (residencies) leading to certification in Family Medicine, Internal Medicine, Surgery and Psychiatry, together with a one-year program that addresses several medical specialties;
3. A Continuing Medical Education program to address the career-long need for physicians and other health care personnel to continue learning;
4. Graduate programs in the Bio-medical sciences leading to Ph.D. degree, M.S. degree, and M.D./Ph.D. degree in Anatomy and Cell Biology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Microbiology and Immunology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, and Physiology;
5. A set of postdoctoral research training programs in the disciplines noted above;
6. Graduate programs leading to M.S. degrees in Physical Therapy and Clinical Laboratory Science;
7. Undergraduate Programs leading to B.S. degrees in Athletic Training, Cytotechnology, Clinical Laboratory Science, and Occupational Therapy;
8. Undergraduate and graduate course work in Anatomy and Cell Biology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Microbiology and Immunology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, and Physiology available to students at UND;
9. A Physician Assistant Program leading to certification after one year for Registered Nurses who have at least four years practice experience.

Each program noted above is fully accredited by its accreditation agency.

The School of Medicine was established in 1905 and offered until 1973 the first two years of medical education. Students then transferred to other medical schools for the last two years of medical education and for receipt of the M.D. degree. During that time, the school established a strong reputation across the nation for the quality and professional attitude of its students, who were welcomed enthusiastically by other medical schools. In 1973, legislative action approved a four-year curriculum and authorized the granting of the Doctor of Medicine degree. This was accomplished in stages using a 2:1:1 plan where students transferred to other medical schools for their third year and returned to UND to complete their final year and to receive the M.D. degree. In 1981 the third year was established in North Dakota, providing for a complete in-state medical education program.

The School also established a strong reputation during its early years and continuing today for the quality of research and training in the biomedical sciences. Today, the institution is nationally and internationally respected for its research and training programs in cancer, cardiovascular and renal disease, environmental health, metabolic diseases, alcohol and drug abuse, vision, eating disorders and neuroscience.

The Physicians Assistant Program was established in 1970 and is administered under the Department of Community Medicine and Rural Health through the Division of Health Practitioners. In 1949, the Medical Technology program was initiated with a B.S. curriculum, adding a M.S. program in 1978. Medical Technology has since changed its name to Clinical Laboratory Science. The Occupational Therapy program was initiated in 1956 as a part of the medical school. After being stationed in the College of Human Development (HRD) for a number of years, the department moved back into the medical school in 1995. The Physical Therapy program was initiated in 1968 and the M.S. degree in Physical Therapy was added in 1991. The B.S. degree in Athletic Training was approved in September, 1990, by the North Dakota Board of Higher Education and is administered under the Department of Family Medicine through the Division of Sports Medicine.

In 1996, the name of the School of Medicine was changed to the School of Medicine and Health Sciences to reflect the importance of all of the components of the school in addressing its mission. Departments included are anatomy and cell biology, biochemistry and molecular biology, community medicine and rural health, family medicine, internal medicine, microbiology and immunology, neuroscience, obstetrics and gynecology, occupational therapy, pathology, pediatrics, physical therapy, pharmacology and toxicology, physiology, radiology, and surgery.

The state-wide educational program of the school is coordinated through clinical campuses based at Bismarck, Fargo, Grand Forks, and Minot.

The School of Medicine and Health Sciences issues a catalog biennially containing information on application to the medical school, including registration, fees, admissions, standards of scholarship, and courses. Interested students may write for the catalog or for other information to the Office of Student Affairs and Admissions, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, P.O. Box 9037, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202-9037. Information is also available concerning all components of the School of Medicine and Health Sciences at http://www.med.und.nodak.edu.

SUGGESTED UNDERGRADUATE COURSES
FOR STUDENTS PLANNING TO STUDY MEDICINE

Four years of college preparation are recommended for students wishing to enter the University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, although a degree is not a requirement. The student is free to select a major in any area of interest, but must include the following mandatory credits:

Minimum Semester Hours

Chemistry 16
Inorganic and Quantitative 8
Organic 8
Biology 8
Physics 8
Psychology/Sociology 3
Language Arts (English, Speech, etc.) 6
College Algebra 3

The University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences recommends that students take elective courses that include subjects of liberal arts value such as humanities, economics, psychology and sociology so that the student's educational experience will be broad and well-rounded. Computer literacy is also highly recommended. Students are urged to see their advisers regularly.

Application for admission to the School of Medicine and Health Sciences must be received no later than Nov. 1 of the year preceding desired admission.

UNDERGRADUATE PROGRAMS

The following four undergraduate degree programs in health sciences are administered by the School of Medicine and Health Sciences. See also the departmental listings which begin on page 58.

Athletic Training

Students can pursue a Bachelor of Science degree in Athletic Training under the direction of the Division of Sports Medicine, Department of Family Medicine. This four-year degree is designed to prepare entry level athletic training professionals. The academic program is currently accredited by CAAHEP. Graduates are eligible to take the national certification test administered by the NATA Board of Certification Inc. Successful completion of this test allows the graduate to be called a Certified Athletic Trainer. Application information and requirements are available from the Division of Sports Medicine.

Clinical Laboratory Science (CLS)

A four-year academic program leading to the degree of Bachelor of Science in Clinical Laboratory Science (formerly medical technology) was first instituted in 1949. The degree includes two years of pre-clinical laboratory science education followed by two years of professional course work. Application for advancement to the professional education component must be made during the second semester of the sophomore year. The CLS program is accredited by the National Accrediting Agency for Clinical Laboratory Sciences (NAACLS). Graduates of the program will be eligible to sit for several national certification examinations. In addition to certification, some states have specific requirements for licensure of clinical laboratory personnel which vary from state to state.

Cytotechnology

The Department of Pathology offers a four-year degree-granting program leading to the Bachelor of Science in Cytotechnology. The program has been fully approved by the AMA Board of Schools since 1967 and became a degree-granting program in 1975. Applications are available from the cytotechnology program director in the Department of Pathology, and must be submitted by Jan. 1 for the senior year program beginning the following Fall semester.

Occupational Therapy

The occupational therapy program is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Occupational Therapy Education. Graduates of this four and one-half year program will receive a Bachelor of Science in Occupational Therapy degree and will be able to sit for the national certification examination for the occupational therapist administered by the National Board for Certification in Occupational Therapy, Inc. The student spends the first two years as a pre-major in the School of Medicine and Health Sciences. Students are eligible to apply for admission to the professional occupational therapy program in the spring of their sophomore year when they are completing the required pre-professional course work. A satellite professional level occupational therapy program is available for Wyoming residents at Casper College, Casper, WY. Tuition and other information regarding the program is available by contacting the Occupational Therapy Department at Casper College (Telephone: 307-268-2541). Wyoming residents may call 888-699-0006.

GRADUATE PROGRAMS

Ph.D. and M.S. programs, and the joint M.D./Ph.D. program are offered in each of the biomedical science departments. Professional graduate programs are offered in Physical Therapy and Clinical Laboratory Science. All of these programs are described in the graduate school section of this bulletin.

Clinical Laboratory Science

The Division of Medical Laboratory Science in the Department of Pathology offers a Master of Science degree program in Clinical Laboratory Science. The degree is a non-thesis option that is offered both on campus and through teleconferencing. It provides a broad medical science background as well as experiences in quality management and laboratory finance. This curriculum is designed to prepare students for careers as administrative laboratory directors, clinical laboratory consultants, technical supervisors or laboratory educators.

Physical Therapy

The physical therapy curriculum is accredited by the American Physical Therapy Association. The five-and-one-half year program leads to the degree of Master of Physical Therapy, a rural-oriented first professional degree.

Applications for admission to the professional program may be obtained from the Department of Physical Therapy after Jan. 1, and must be returned by March 1 of the calendar year the student wishes to gain entrance into the professional program.

Physician Assistant Program

The Physician Assistant Program is administered by the Department of Community Medicine and Rural Health through its Division of Health Practitioners. This 12-month, competency-based certificate program is accredited by the American Medical Associations Committee on Allied Health Education and Accreditation (CAHEA). Enrollment is limited to licensed registered nurses with a minimum of three years professional nursing experience and sponsorship by a practicing primary care physician. For more information contact the Department of Community Medicine and Rural Health at (701) 777-2344.

OTHER ACTIVITIES

Laboratory Education for North Dakota The Division of Medical Laboratory Science in the Department of Pathology instituted Laboratory Education for North Dakota (LEND) as a joint program with the Department of Microbiology and Immunology in 1978. It has been solely managed by the Division of Medical Laboratory Science since 1990. The LEND program provides distance learning opportunities for laboratory professionals and physicians in all communities in North Dakota to earn continuing education units (CEUs), continuing medical education units (CMEs), and undergraduate credit and graduate credit in clinical laboratory science through distance learning.

Audio-teleconferencing, videotape, interactive television, INTERNET, and self instructional written materials are used to deliver the courses and programs. Students earning undergraduate and graduate credit can apply the credits earned toward degrees in Clinical Laboratory Science.

Indians Into Medicine Program

The INMED Program was adopted in 1973 to serve American Indians. Through a comprehensive recruitment program, INMED seeks to identify and encourage students with an aptitude for and an interest in health careers. This recruitment begins as early as the junior high level. The program is committed to preparing professionals in all related health care fields. Each year the School of Medicine allocates places in its first-year medical class to qualified American Indian students.

SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AND HEALTH SCIENCES FACILITIES

The School of Medicine and Health Sciences has facilities in Grand Forks (the administrative center of the school), Bismarck, Fargo and Minot. These regional campuses include a Family Practice Center, library facilities, and campus offices. Affiliations with private and public hospitals in the regional campus cities, but also in less populated cities throughout the state, provide the clinical base for the study of medicine and the other health sciences. In Grand Forks the school has recently completed the initial phase of a building program to house the biomedical sciences, the Harley French Library of the Health Sciences, classrooms and offices at the North end of the campus at the site of what was formerly known as St. Michael's Hospital. The new additions provide state of the art research laboratories and learning space for the programs in health sciences. In the future, a modern animal facility is planned as well as space for the Occupational Therapy program.

NORTH DAKOTA MEDICAL CENTER

The Medical Center, created by an act of the Legislature of the State of North Dakota in 1945, is an administrative unit of the University. Its purpose is to provide facilities for the "coordination, improvement, expansion, and unification of health and welfare activities of the State, its agencies, its political subdivisions and its private practitioners." The Center is "concerned with the training of physicians, nurses and all other personnel concerned with the improvement and preservation of the health of the people of North Dakota."

The Medical Center includes the School of Medicine and Health Sciences and the USDA Human Nutrition Research Center.