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- Major Accomplishments for 2006-2007
- publications, field research, internal & external grants, national
& international conferences, collaboration, teaching and lab
development, local/regional/national/international service,
- public outreach
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- With a 2007 UND Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences research grant in
hand, Dr. Reed returned to her field site in West Africa to study local
interpretations of history in light of Ghana's 50th
anniversary of independence.
- She interviewed a number of elderly Ghanaians about their life
experiences in light of the transition to independence.
- She established rapport with a number of local residents and completed
fifteen life histories.
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- Dr. Reed also sponsored an essay competition, asking secondary school
students what Ghana's independence means to them. These essays provided
her with invaluable ethnographic data that Dr. Reed will use to contrast
with the perspectives of the elderly population.
- This photo shows Dr. Reed awarding book prizes to one of the students in
the essay competition. This secondary school is one of the oldest and
most prestigious schools in Ghana, and is the alma mater of Kofi Annan,
former Secretary-General of the United Nations.
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- 2006-2007 … Dr. Toom has been working with the Dakotas Area Office of
the USDI Bureau of Reclamation on a backlog of archaeological excavation
projects from the 1990s requiring analysis and reporting. One project near the Heart Butte
Reservoir, is of particular significance. The Beadmaker site is a
protohistoric-age bison hunting camp occupied by the Heart River phase
Mandan Indians in the early A.D. 1600s.
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- In 2007, Dr. Scharf was able to involve students in Anth 300:
Archaeological Laboratory Methods in primary archaeological research
being done by University of North Dakota Anthropology Research and the USDI
Bureau of Reclamation.
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- 2006-2007 saw an amazing transformation in facilities that will produce
a laboratory space for Dr. Scharf to do research and involve students
more fully in her work.
- The Dean of Arts and Sciences, Martha Potvin, and UND facilities have
been working over the past year to transform the third floor of Ireland
(which has been abandoned for years) into a safe and functional
laboratory facility for Dr. Scharf (along with Dr. Stubblefield and the
Forensic Science Program).
- Dr. Scharf will be able to chemically process sediment samples for
pollen studies to research the impact that people have had on the
forests here in the United States, allowing her to reconstruct the
vegetation and environment from the past three thousand years.
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- In Anth 300, students worked on artifacts and sediments from the
Beadmaker site, in North Dakota.
They also recorded information and analyzed samples from
On-A-Slant village, a Mandan village that was abandoned by the time that
Lewis & Clark first saw it in 1804.
- UND is especially fortunate because we have a professional CRM (cultural
resource management) facility on campus – most other universities do
not. The three advantages
students received from this unique relationship were (1) transferable
skills gained from real-life hands-on experience, (2) familiarity and involvement with
CRM, and (3) a greater familiarity with the prehistory of native North
Dakota peoples.
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- Based on teaching at UND, Dr Scharf wrote a case study that covers the
use of material evidence from dog skulls to reconstruct and explain
human behavior 40,000 years in the past.
This is published on the internet for use by instructors
world-wide.
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- Students look at a “mystery” skull hypothetically found in a cave in
Europe with Neanderthals – might this be shocking evidence of dog
domestication by non-modern peoples?
This stimulates students to answer the question by comparing the
skull to known wild and domestic dogs.
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- Dr. Scharf presented and wrote up recent work on pollen from
Mississippi, showing that Native Americans actively managed vegetation
mosaics in the Yazoo River Basin for over a millennium.
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- When Native Americans abandon the area, the number of trees rises (green
to blue), as open areas are re-colonized by late-successional plants and
landscape diversity decreases (blue). The number of trees falls again
with historic logging (blue to orange).
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- Dr. Cuozzo’s active research program has yielded, in 2006-2007:
- seven peer-reviewed publications; four professional presentations,
- including the International Congress, Prosimians 2007 at Ithala,
- South Africa; four successful intramural grants totaling $48,060.00;
- and a co-authored, Margo Marsh Biodiversity Foundation grant
- ($10,000.00).
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- Dr. Cuozzo’s research in Madagascar in 2007 included the initiation of a
new, collaborative applied conservation biology project, working closely
with both international and local colleagues. This project included
numerous outreach activities (i.e., teaching principles of conservation
biology to local residents and school children).
- Dr. Cuozzo’s local outreach activities included a guest lecture on lemur
biology to fifth-grade science students at Century Elementary School,
Grand Forks on April 25, 2007.
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- Loudon JE, Sponheimer M, Sauther ML, Cuozzo FP1. 2007. A
study of intraspecific variation in hair δ13C and δ15N of
ring-tailed lemurs (Lemur catta) with known histories, individual
histories, behavior and feeding ecology. (1All authors
contributed equally to this paper). Am J Phys Anthropol. 133:978-985.
- Miller DS, Sauther ML, Hunter-Ishikawa M, Fish KD, Culbertson H, Cuozzo
FP, Campbell TW, Chavey S, Nachreiner R, Rumbeiha W,
Stacewicz-Sapantzakis M, Lappin MR. 2007. Biomedical evaluation of
free-ranging ring-tailed lemurs (Lemur catta) in three habitats at the
Beza Mahafaly Special Reserve, Madagascar. J Zoo Wildlife Med.
38:201-216.
- Fish KD, Sauther ML, Loudon JE, Cuozzo FP. 2007. Coprophagy by wild
ring-tailed lemurs (Lemur catta) in human-disturbed locations adjacent
to the Beza Mahafaly Special Reserve, Madagascar. Am J Primatol.
69:713-718.
- Cuozzo FP, Sauther ML. 2006. Severe wear and tooth loss in wild
ring-tailed lemurs (Lemur catta): a function of feeding ecology, dental
structure, and individual life history. J Hum Evol 51:490-505.
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- Cuozzo FP, Yamashita N. 2006. Impact of ecology on dental adaptations of
extant lemurs: a review of tooth
function, variation, and life history. In: Lemurs: Ecology and Adaptations.
Gould, L., Sauther, M.L. (Eds.), New York, Springer, pp. 69-98.
- Cuozzo FP, Sauther ML. 2006. Temporal change in tooth size among
ring-tailed lemurs (Lemur catta) at the Beza Mahafaly Special Reserve,
Madagascar: effects of an environmental fluctuation. In: Ring-Tailed
Lemur Biology. Jolly, A., Sussman, R.W., Koyama, N., Rasmimanana, H.
(Eds.), New York, Springer, pp. 343-366.
- Sauther ML, Fish K, Cuozzo F, Miller DS, Hunter-Ishikawa M, Culbertson
H. 2006. Patterns of health, disease and behavior among wild ring-tailed
lemurs, Lemur catta: effects of habitat and sex. In: Ring-Tailed Lemur
Biology. Jolly, A., Sussman, R.W., Koyama, N., Rasmimanana, H. (Eds.),
New York, Springer, pp. 313-331.
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- In 2007, Dr. Leach received a second challenge cost-share grant from the
USDI Bureau of Land Management and the University of North Dakota to
continue archaeological research at Serendipity Shelter in the remote
desert of Northern Nevada.
- Along with several UND students and an alumnus, she conducted
archaeological survey at the shelter in Summer 2007, and continued
on-going lab research from a previous excavation.
- Dr. Leach also published two articles and a book chapter on her Nevada
research and the scholarship of teaching.
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- The summer of 2007 also included Dr. Leach’s continuing ancient textiles
research—specifically, woven rabbit fur robes and blankets from the
desert West (ranging from 100 to 10,000 years old).
- This research has involved internally and externally-funded travel
(occasionally with students) to major museums in Utah, New Mexico,
California and Nevada.
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- In the Fall of 2006, Dr. Leach taught at UND’s affiliated American
College of Norway and was able to include students in field exploration
of some famous European
archaeological sites.
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- Applied Anthropology Research and Human Rights
- In 2007, Dr. Mikulak published two articles in peer-reviewed
international journals, and two other peer-reviewed articles (in-press)
in the proceedings of two international conferences.
- In 2005, Dr. Mikulak received a $35,000 UND Seed Grant to assess the
state of domestic violence in Grand Forks County in collaboration with
the Community Violence Intervention Center (CVIC). In September, 2007, she will submit,
with CVIC, a $200,000.00 multi-foundation grant application, Leadership
for Change. This grant is based
on the results of her UND Seed Grant.
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- Leadership for Change involves UND faculty and the CVIC in the creation
and implementation of an innovative, anthropologically informed,
survivor-driven social action empowerment program. UND faculty in a variety of
departments will teach the following skills to survivors: social action,
computer skills, transformational theater, lobbying, creative writing
and public speaking, meditation, Impact program and self-esteem, history
of North Dakota domestic violence state laws, webpage construction and
more. Upon completion of the
curriculum, survivors will be partnered with mentors and key domestic
violence stakeholders in the Grand Forks community to develop survivor
informed initiatives and educational programs to reduce domestic
violence in Grand Forks.
- Dr. Mikulak’s Work on International Human Rights
- In 1998, Cacique (chief) Chicão Xucuru was murdered for his activist
work on indigenous land rights in Brazil. In 2003, an attempt was made on the
life of his son, Marcos Xukuru, Cacique of the Xucuru tribe in Pernambuco.
Marcos survived the attack, while several other men were murdered. Recent death threats assured Marcos
that he would not survive an upcoming planned attack on his life.
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- As the Brazilian Country Coordinator for Amnesty International (AI) in
the United States, Dr. Mikulak engaged in intensive and persistent
communiqués with the Brazilian Embassy in Washington, DC, Brazilian
government officials and ambassadors, and the International Secretariat
for Amnesty International in London.
She advocated for around-the-clock physical protection for
Cacique Marcos, during the summer of 2007, and works for the prevention
of future violence against indigenous peoples by miners, loggers, and
hired vigilantes. She continues
to monitor the situation of the Cacique Marcus Xukuru while reporting on
the status of human rights abuses in Brazil.
- Future Research
- Dr. Mikulak’s human rights work is also the focus of her future
research. She is partnering with
Ilma Paixão, a research fellow at the Massachusetts Institute of
Technology in the Department of Urban Studies and Planning, for future
research on the intersection between entrepreneurial micro-business and
human rights activism among the Xukuru Tribe in Pernambuco, Brazil.
- Proceeds from micro-business accounts for about 80 percent of the
products sold. Proceeds have been used for toothbrushes and school
supplies for village children, a seed bank for farmers, college tuition
for young women and computer courses for others, providing much needed
income for poor families living on tribal reserves.
- She and her colleagues seek to develop effective and innovative advocacy
for successful transference of tribal lands slated to be returned to the
Xukuru tribe. A new horizon in
finance capital is human rights-based sustainable economies for
indigenous peoples.
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- Forensic Science Program Director
- 2007 National Science Foundation Award: “Using a Crime Lab Model to
Enhance Undergraduate Science Instruction” ($148,813).
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- Development of the Forensic Science Teaching Laboratory
- The primary goals of the proposal are to develop a new Forensic Science
Teaching Laboratory and to create an introductory-level forensic science
course that will, in part, be directly marketed to Native American
students. The grant also will expand teaching resources to improve
existing forensic science courses.
- Dean Martha Potvin, College of Arts and Sciences, was vital in helping
in the development and submittal phases of the proposal, and Rick Tonder
and Craig Swenson of UND Facilities helped develop the physical space
for the lab on the 3rd floor of Ireland Hall.
- This lab will provide space for laboratory activities, computer access
and classroom instruction for 20-24 students. Dr. Stubblefield’s research area will
be equipped for analysis of human skeletal remains.
- Students supported the teaching lab development by granting two Student
Technology Fee Awards, towards a computer lab and smart classroom
technology.
- Funds from the NSF grant will augment minor and major equipment in the
laboratory (e.g., a cabinet x-ray machine and a IR spectrophotometer),
and provide student assistance for instruction and processing of data
from the new introductory course.
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Notes
